Private Pilot License (PPL) - Exam Format
The PPL exam is divided into written theory exams and practical flight tests. The written exams consist of a series of papers designed to assess the candidate’s knowledge in various subjects required for private flying.
| Subjects | Number of Questions | Duration | Passing Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Air Regulations |
20 |
1 hour |
70% |
|
Air Navigation |
30 |
1 hour 30 min |
70% |
|
Meteorology |
20 |
1 hour |
70% |
|
Aircraft General Knowledge |
30 |
1 hour 30 min |
70% |
|
Flight Performance & Planning |
30 |
1 hour 30 min |
70% |
|
Human Performance & Limitations |
20 |
1 hour |
70% |
|
Radio Telephony (Theory + Oral) |
10 + Oral |
30 min + Oral |
70% |
- Total Duration : Approx. 12 hours for all subjects.
- Mode of Exam : Multiple-choice questions (MCQs), theoretical answers, and some application-based questions.
- Passing Marks : A minimum of 70% in each subject is required to pass the written exam.
- Reattempt : If the candidate does not clear any subject, they must reattempt the respective paper..
- Total Duration : Approx. 6 hours for all subjects.
- Mode of Exam : Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and theoretical answers.
- Passing Marks : A minimum of 70% in each subject is required to pass the written exam.
- Reattempt : If the candidate does not clear any subject, they must reappear for the respective paper.
After successfully passing the written exams, candidates will proceed to the practical flight test for their CPL. The practical test is more detailed and includes:
- Pre-flight briefing : The candidate explains the flight plan and emergency procedures.
- Flight Operations : Handling of the aircraft, navigation, and communication with ATC.
- Post-flight debriefing : Reviewing the performance and discussing any improvements.
PPL Exam Regulations:
- Exam Centers: PPL exams are conducted at DGCA-approved centers (e.g., Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai).
- Mode of Conduct: Most exams are conducted in written format followed by a practical flight test.
- Medical Requirement: A Class 2 medical certificate is required for PPL.
- Language Proficiency: The exam is conducted in English, and candidates must be proficient in both speaking and understanding English, especially for the Radio Telephony exam.
General Tips for PPL Exams:
Thorough Preparation:
A strong focus on air regulations, navigation, meteorology, and aircraft systems is crucial for PPL exams.
Simulators and Mock Tests:
Practice on flight simulators and participate in mock tests to get familiar with the practical aspects of the exams.
Radio Telephony Practice:
Proficiency in radio communication is essential, so engage in real-world RT practice with instructors and peers.
Flight Training:
A significant portion of PPL is practical flight training. Completing the required flying hours and mastering flight maneuvers are critical.
These are the exam formats for PPL exam, which include written theory exams followed by practical flight tests. For those preparing for either exam, it’s important to complete the theory studies as per DGCA guidelines and practice flight maneuvers as required to succeed in both the written and practical parts of the exam.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:
General Eligibility
- Age: The candidate must be at least 17 years old.
- Medical Fitness: The candidate must hold a valid Class 2 Medical Certificate issued by a DGCA-authorized medical examiner.
- Educational Qualification: The candidate must have passed at least the 10+2 level of education with Physics and Mathematics from a recognized board.
- Language Proficiency: The candidate must be proficient in English (spoken and written), as it is the language of communication in aviation.
Flying Experience Requirements:
A minimum of 40 hours of flight time, which includes:
- 20 hours of dual flight instruction (with an instructor).
- 10 hours of solo flight time.
- 5 hours of cross-country flight time.
- 5 hours of solo cross-country flying.
Ground School Requirements:
The candidate must complete ground training in subjects such as:
- Air Regulation
- Aviation Meteorology
- Air Navigation
- Technical Block (aircraft systems)
- Flight Training
Examination:
The candidate must pass the DGCA's written exams in the following subjects:
- Air Regulations
- Aviation Meteorology
- Air Navigation
- Technical Block
- Additionally, the candidate must undergo a flight test (Skill Test) conducted by a DGCA examiner.